Sham-SMT is a believable sham comparator for studying effects of SMT in shoulder pain

Man Ther. 2013 Feb;18(1):60-4. doi: 10.1016/j.math.2012.07.003. Epub 2012 Aug 9

Arthroscopic partial meniscectomy & sham surgery similar for degenerative meniscal tear

N Engl J Med. 2013 Dec 26;369(26):2515-24. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1305189

Sham thoracic SMT plausible as a comparator in studies with shoulder pain patients

Man Ther. 2015 Feb;20(1):171-5.

Neurodynamic technique proves no better than sham treatment for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2009 Oct;39(10):709-23. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2009.3117.

AAOS 2016: Electrical stimulation effective for pain & nonunion vs. sham

Decompression of no statistical benefit over sham, and no clinical benefit over exercise for SIS

BMJ. 2018 Jul 19;362:k2860. doi: 10.1136/bmj.k2860

Electrical stimulation for bone healing reduced pain and risk of nonunion vs. sham control

Sci Rep. 2016 Aug 19;6:31724. doi: 10.1038/srep31724.

ECRB release not significantly different than sham surgery for improvement of lateral epicondylitis

Am J Sports Med. 2018 Apr;46(5):1106-1113

Low-dose radiation therapy ineffective versus sham for alleviating symptomatic hand osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2018 Oct;26(10):1283-1290. doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2018.06.010

Kinesiotaping improved WOMAC scores vs. both sham and control in conservative treatment of knee OA

J Sport Rehabil. 2019 Jul 1;28(5):481-487

Partial meniscectomy similar to sham surgery for mechanical symptoms in meniscus tear

Ann Intern Med. 2016 Apr 5;164(7):449-55.

Pain and function unaffected by IFC versus sham in postoperative rehabilitation after TKA

Clin Rehabil. 2019 Jun;33(6):1027-1034. doi: 10.1177/0269215519829856

Effect of HVLA vs. sham on vertical jump in athletes with talocrural joint dysfunction

J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2014 Feb;37(2):116-23. doi: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2013.11.004. Epub 2014 Jan 2

Radial ESWT offers no additional effect over sham therapy for treatment of subacromial shoulder pain

Am J Sports Med. 2017 Sep;45(11):2547-2554

Multimodal physical therapy versus sham for patients with hip osteoarthritis

JAMA. 2014 May 21;311(19):1987-97. doi: 10.1001/jama.2014.4591

AAOS2017: No differences after 1 year between surgery versus sham for chronic tennis elbow

Calcaneal taping is more effective in reducing plantar heel pain than stretching

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2006 Jun;36(6):364-71

AAOS2018: Fascia iliaca block not effective versus sham for analgesia after hip arthroscopy for FAI

No significant difference in treatment response between traditional vs. sham acupuncture for knee OA

Clin Rehabil. 2018 Dec;32(12):1666-1675. doi: 10.1177/0269215518790632

Joint mobilization versus sham and control for chronic ankle instability

Disabil Rehabil. 2015;37(7):601-10. doi: 10.3109/09638288.2014.935877