No surgical or clinical efficacy of a deep IA suction drain for revision TKA procedures

J Arthroplasty. 2016 Jul;31(7):1544-8

Benefits seen with no drains used in total hip arthroplasty

Acta Orthop Belg. 2010 Oct;76(5):619-27

AAOS2019: No effect of closed suction IA drain on quad strength and knee joint effusion after TKA

Autotransfusion drain reduces blood transfusion compared to closed suction drain in THA

Sci Rep. 2016 Jul 1;6:27461

Reduced morphine consumption 6hr post-TKA, no 1yr function difference with vs. without suction drain

Clin Orthop Surg. 2019 Mar;11(1):73-81.

Closed suction drains do not increase blood loss in simultaneous bilateral TKA

Knee Surg Relat Res. 2016 Sep;28(3):201-6. doi: 10.5792/ksrr.2016.28.3.201. Epub 2016 Aug 25.

No benefit to patient outcome observed with the use of suction drain in TKA

Int Orthop. 2015 Apr;39(4):653-8

AAOS 2015: Surgical drain does not benefit patients undergoing revision TKA

Larger vs. smaller diameter suction drains to prevent postop spinal epidural hematoma

Clin Orthop Surg. 2016 Mar;8(1):78-83

Closed Suction Drainage for Hip and Knee Arthoplasty

J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2004;86:1146-1152.

Comparable clinical outcomes with or without the use of drain for TKR surgery

J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2010 Jan;92(1):51-5.

No difference in outcome noted with closed suction drain in shoulder arthroplasty

J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2019 Feb;28(2):205-211

No difference in transfusion rate between direct anterior THA with and without drain

J Arthroplasty. 2016 Sep;31(9):1954-8

Closed suction drainage: Higher requirement for blood transfusion than nondrainage

J Arthroplasty. 2011 Dec;26(8):1265-72. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2011.02.005. Epub 2011 Mar 2

Autologous blood transfusion drainage vs. no drainage or closed-suction drainage in THA

Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2014 Nov;134(11):1623-31

Continuous low pressure suction does not reduce blood loss following TKA

J Adv Nurs. 2012 Apr;68(4):758-66. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2011.05760.x. Epub 2011 Nov 14

Efficacy and safety of autotransfusion versus both suction drainage and no drainage in TKA

BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2016 Aug 1;17:142

No benefit associated with the use of closed-suction drainage in revision THA

Int Orthop. 2016 Mar;40(3):453-7

Autologous blood transfusion drainage versus closed suction drainage following TKA

BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2016 Nov 2;17(1):452

Postoperative closed suction drainage and its effect on prolonged serous drainage

J Arthroplasty. 2010 Feb;25(2):244-8. Epub 2008 Dec 4.