Sixty patients with periarthritis of the shoulder (PAS) were randomized to receive long-needle acupuncture (n=30) or filiform needle acupuncture (n=30). The primary outcome was pain (VAS). Secondary outcomes included active shoulder abduction, internal rotation, and external rotation. Outcomes were assessed pre-treatment and after 14 once-daily electro-acupuncture sessions across two weeks. Overal...