Spondylolisthesis: posterior lumbar interbody fusion VS posterolateral lumbar fusion

J Neurosurg Spine. 2011 Apr;14(4):488-96. doi: 10.3171/2010.11.SPINE10281. Epub 2011 Feb 11

Comparative efficacy of minimally invasive surgery for posterior lumbar fusion

Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2014 Jun;472(6):1727-37. doi: 10.1007/s11999-014-3465-5.

Comparable spinal fusion rates between three different electrical stimulation techniques

Spine J. 2013 Oct;13(10):1238-43

Bone morphogenetic protein vs. autologous iliac crest bone graft in lumbar fusion surgery

PLoS One. 2014 Jun 2;9(6):e97049. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097049. eCollection 2014.

AAOS2018: Electrical stimulation does not appear to significantly increase spinal fusion success

Variable results of electrical stimulation following spinal fusion

Evid Based Spine Care J. 2014 Oct;5(2):87-94

Effect of electrical stimulation on fusion rate in spinal fusion surgery

Bioelectromagnetics. 2002 Oct;23(7):496-504.

Fusion rates improved with instrumented posterolateral lumbar fusion versus uninstrumented

Eur Spine J. 2014 Sep;23(9):1918-26

Instrumented posterior interbody fusion and posterolateral fusion for low-back pain

J Neurosurg Spine. 2011 Sep;15(3):295-310. doi: 10.3171/2011.4.SPINE10330. Epub 2011 May 27

Fusion offers no benefit in pedicle screw fixation of thoracolumbar/lumbar burst fracture

J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2014 Oct 15;96(20):1724-31.

Fusion not necessary in addition to fixation of thoracolumbar burst fractures

J Neurosurg Spine. 2017 Nov;27(5):584-592

The effects of transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion in degenerative lumbar disorders

Eur Spine J. 2013 Sep;22(9):2022-9

Uni- vs bilateral pedicle screw fixation in minimally invasive lumbar interbody fusion

PLoS One. 2014 Nov 6;9(11):e111979.

Analysis of epidural injection and lumbar fusion in treatment of lumbar discogenic pain

Korean J Pain. 2015 Apr;28(2):75-87

COA 2013: Comparison of different fusion treatments for patients with spondylolisthesis

No significant benefit in outcome with addition of fusion to decompression for lumbar stenosis

Pain Physician. 2018 Jan;21(1):1-8

No added benefit of fusion to decompression for patients with lumbar spinal stenosis

N Engl J Med. 2016 Apr 14;374(15):1413-23

Similar fusion rate and clinical outcome in ACDF completed with PEEK vs titanium cage

BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2016 Sep 1;17:379

Laminectomy plus fusion vs laminectomy alone for patients with low-grade spondylolisthesis

N Engl J Med. 2016 Apr 14;374(15):1424-34

Pulsed electromagnetic field stimulation for cervical fusion

Spine J. 2008 May-Jun;8(3):436-42. Epub 2007 Jul 17.