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Musculoskeletal Evidence

Osteoarthritis
Comparison of three therapeutic methods of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, embedding acupuncture, and drug therapy on interleukin-6 and pain levels in patients with knee osteoarthritis.
Clin Rheumatol. 2026 01-Jun;():. 10.1007/s10067-026-08197-6

Osteoarthritis
Dose-response effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for knee osteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Osteoarthr Cartil Open. 2026 01-Jun;():. 10.1016/j.ocarto.2026.100765

Shoulder & Elbow
Comparing the effect of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and massage therapy on post laparoscopic shoulder pain: a randomized clinical trial.
BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2023 01-Sep;():. 10.1186/s12891-023-06905-w

Spine
Impact of Intramuscular Electrical Stimulation on Multifidus Muscle Function in Chronic Low Back Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Med Sci Monit. 2025 01-Oct;():. 10.12659/MSM.949677

General Orthopaedics
The effectiveness of neuromuscular electrical stimulation on pain, function, and quadriceps muscle strength in adults with patellofemoral pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2025 01-Aug;():. 10.1186/s12891-025-09029-5

Osteoarthritis
Transcranial direct current stimulation enhances the efficacy of wearable transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for mild knee osteoarthritis in the middle-aged person: a randomized controlled trial.
BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2025 01-Jul;():. 10.1186/s12891-025-08924-1

Osteoarthritis
The effects of combining electrical stimulation of the calf and thigh muscles on WOMAC pain in knee osteoarthritis: A double-blind, randomised, sham-controlled trial.
Osteoarthr Cartil Open. 2025 01-Jun;():. 10.1016/j.ocarto.2025.100607

Physical Therapy & Rehab
Accelerative Effects of Transcutaneous Electrical Acustimulation on Postoperative Recovery After Thoracolumbar Vertebral Fracture Associated With Suppressed Sympathetic Activity and Interleukin-6.
Neuromodulation. 2025 01-Jun;():. 10.1016/j.neurom.2024.11.011

Physical Therapy & Rehab
The effect of adding neuromuscular electrical stimulation to exercise therapy on patellofemoral pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
PLoS One. 2025 01-Jun;():. 10.1371/journal.pone.0326785

Hand & Wrist
Ultrasound-guided percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation versus surgery for women with unilateral carpal tunnel syndrome: A randomized parallel-group trial.
Eur J Pain. 2023 01-Aug;():. 10.1002/ejp.2117

Physical Therapy & Rehab
Usefulness and Safety of a Wearable Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation Device for Promoting Exercise Therapy in Patients With Chronic Knee Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2025 01-Feb;():. 10.1016/j.apmr.2024.08.021

Physical Therapy & Rehab
Percutaneous Electrical Stimulation Improves Chronic Knee Pain and Function: A Systematic Review and Meta-analyses.
Clin J Pain. 2025 01-Jan;():. 10.1097/AJP.0000000000001254

Shoulder & Elbow
Immediate effects of percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in patients with lateral elbow pain.
Physiother Theory Pract. 2024 01-Dec;():. 10.1080/09593985.2023.2296063

Sports Medicine
Effects of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation on Quadriceps Femoris Muscle Strength and Knee Joint Function in Patients After ACL Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
Orthop J Sports Med. 2025 01-Jan;():. 10.1177/23259671241275071

Trauma
Enhanced nerve function recovery in radial nerve palsy patients with humerus shaft fracture: a randomized study of low-frequency pulse electrical stimulation combined with exercise therapy.
Front Neurol. 2024 01-Jul;():. 10.3389/fneur.2024.1370316

Foot & Ankle
Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation of Peroneal Longus Improve Balance Control Ability in Young Adults With Chronic Ankle Instability: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2024 01-Dec;():. 10.1097/PHM.0000000000002510

Physical Therapy & Rehab
Evaluation of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation for improving pain and cognitive function in elderly patients around the perioperative period of hip replacement surgery: A meta-analysis.
PLoS One. 2024 01-Oct;():. 10.1371/journal.pone.0309673

Foot & Ankle
Effects of Rehabilitative Exercise and Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation on Muscle Morphology and Dynamic Balance in Individuals with Chronic Ankle Instability.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2024 01-Jul;():. 10.3390/medicina60071187

Spine
Spinal manipulation and electrical dry needling as an adjunct to conventional physical therapy in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis: a multi-center randomized clinical trial.
Spine J. 2024 01-Apr;():. 10.1016/j.spinee.2023.12.002

Pediatric Orthopaedics
Effect of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation on postoperative pain in pediatric orthopedic surgery with the enhanced recovery after surgery protocol: a prospective, randomized controlled trial.
Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med. 2023 01-Dec;():. 10.1016/j.accpm.2023.101273