ARTHROPLASTY
Femoral nerve block-sciatic nerve block vs. femoral nerve block-local infiltration analgesia for total knee arthroplasty: a randomized controlled trial
OrthoEvidence Journal (OE Journal) - ACE Report
OE Journal. 2016;4(8):5 BMC Anesthesiol. 2015 Dec 15;15:18234 patients scheduled for total knee arthroplasty and receiving continuous femoral nerve block were randomized to be administered a sciatic nerve block (SNB) or local infiltration analgesia (LIA) as part of the postoperative analgesia protocol. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether there were any significant differences in analgesic efficacy between the two protocols, as assessed by Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) pain scores over the first 24 hours postoperatively. Results demonstrated significantly lower pain scores at 3, 6, and 12 hours postoperatively in the SNB group compared to the LIA group, though the difference in pain score at 24 hours was not statistically significant.
Was the allocation sequence adequately generated?
Was allocation adequately concealed?
Blinding Treatment Providers: Was knowledge of the allocated interventions adequately prevented?
Blinding Outcome Assessors: Was knowledge of the allocated interventions adequately prevented?
Blinding Patients: Was knowledge of the allocated interventions adequately prevented?
Was loss to follow-up (missing outcome data) infrequent?
Are reports of the study free of suggestion of selective outcome reporting?
Were outcomes objective, patient-important and assessed in a manner to limit bias (ie. duplicate assessors, Independent assessors)?
Was the sample size sufficiently large to assure a balance of prognosis and sufficiently large number of outcome events?
Was investigator expertise/experience with both treatment and control techniques likely the same (ie.were criteria for surgeon participation/expertise provided)?
はい = 1
不確実＝0.5
無関係 = 0
いいえ = 0
報告基準評価では、著者が出版物内で試験の方法論的特徴や試験特性を報告する際の透明性を評価します。評価は以下の5つのカテゴリーに分類されます。
4/4
Randomization
3/4
Outcome Measurements
4/4
Inclusion / Exclusion
4/4
Therapy Description
4/4
Statistics
Detsky AS, Naylor CD, O'Rourke K, McGeer AJ, L'Abbé KA. J Clin Epidemiol. 1992;45:255-65
Fragility Indexは、重要な所見の解釈を助けるツールで、結果の強さの尺度を提供します。Fragility Indexは、その所見が有意でなくなるために、二項対立の結果に追加する必要がある連続した事象の数を表します。数値が小さいほど弱い所見を表し、数値が大きいほど強い所見を表します。
なぜ今この研究が必要なのですか？
Femoral nerve block is a peripheral nerve block that has been used for many years in surgical procedures of the lower limb, such as total knee arthroplasty. More recently, the administration of a sciatic nerve block in addition to femoral nerve block in these procedures has gained attention, along with controversy; there is particular concern regarding motor block, and the possible impact on early mobility and functional recovery, with combined blocks. With the development of local infiltration analgesia as a more recent method of postoperative analgesia in total knee arthroplasty, a comparison of analgesic efficacy between methods, as adjuvants to femoral nerve block, was needed.
主な研究課題は何ですか？
In patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty with continuous femoral nerve block, is there any significant difference in pain scores up to 24 hours postoperatively between patients treated with a sciatic nerve block and patients treated with local infiltration analgesia?
重要な知見は？
- NRS pain scores were significantly lower in the SNB group when compared to the LIA group at 3 (0.06+/-0.24 vs. 2.13 +/- 2.66, respectively; p<0.01), 6 (0.18+/-0.39 vs. 2.5 +/- 2.34, respectively; p<0.01), and 12 (2+/-2.12 vs. 3.5+/-1.83, respectively; p=0.013) hours postoperatively
- At 24 hours postoperatively, there was no significant difference in NRS pain score between the SNB group (2.47+/-1.59) and the LIA group (3+/-1.86) (p=0.3).
- There was no significant difference between groups in time to first request of analgesic (p=0.59), or total dose of diclofenac administered (p=0.28). No patient required pentazocine.
- Postoperative nausea or vomiting occurred in 4 patients of each group (p=0.92). Patient satisfaction on POD3 was similar between groups (p=0.75), and groups demonstrated similar hospital length of stay (p=0.69).
- There were no significant differences between groups in range of motion (extension p=0.89 and flexion p=0.59) or Knee Society Score (p=0.86)
最も覚えておくべきことは？
Following total knee arthroplasty with continuous femoral nerve block, pain scores over the first 12 postoperative hours were significantly lower in patients who had been administered a sciatic nerve block when compared to patients who were administered local infiltration analgesia. Pain scores at 24 hours postoperatively were similar between groups. No significant differences between groups were noted in time to first analgesic request, or total dose of diclofenac received.
それが私の患者ケアにどのように影響するか？
The results of this study suggest that sciatic nerve block in addition to femoral nerve block may have greater analgesic efficacy compared to local infiltration analgesia in addition to femoral nerve block, with effects noted over the initial 12 hours after surgery. The authors acknowledge that the current protocol of local infiltration analgesia may not be the most optimal, and that additional randomized controlled trials should be considered to identify which local anaesthetic mixture and administration method offers the maximum analgesic efficacy. Additionally, no mention of motor weakness or falls was recorded, which can a concern with motor blockade as a result of peripheral nerve blocks in the setting of TKA.
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