Antegrade intramedullary nailing the favoured procedure for fifth metacarpal neck fracture .
OrthoEvidence Journal (OE Journal) - ACE Report
OE Journal. 2014;2(10):39 Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol. 2014 Apr;24(3):273-8. doi: 10.1007/s00590-013-1344-5. Epub 2013 Oct 27.4 studies (3 quasi-randomized trials and 1 randomized controlled trial) comparing antegrade intramedullary nailing (AIMN) with other surgical interventions for fifth metacarpal neck fractures were included in this review to compare treatment efficacy. Pooled data demonstrated trends favouring AIMN for pain scores, the incidence of complications and mean residual angulation at the site of fracture. Additionally, AIMN yielded significantly greater grip strength at 12 months and improved range of motion of the metacarpophalangeal joint. When compared to transverse pinning (TP) with K-wires, AIMN yielded significantly better total active motion and greater patient satisfaction.
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Detsky AS, Naylor CD, O'Rourke K, McGeer AJ, L'Abbé KA. J Clin Epidemiol. 1992;45:255-65
El Índice de Fragilidad es una herramienta que ayuda en la interpretación de hallazgos significativos, proporcionando una medida de fuerza para un resultado. El Índice de Fragilidad representa el número de eventos consecutivos que es necesario añadir a un resultado dicotómico para que el hallazgo deje de ser significativo. Un número pequeño representa un hallazgo más débil y un número grande un hallazgo más fuerte.
¿Por qué se necesitaba ahora este estudio?
Fractures of the neck of the fifth metacarpal, also known as boxer's fractures, are common and may require surgical intervention. The clinical recommendations regarding the optimal conditions for surgical intervention, however, are inconsistent in the literature. Operative procedures to treat this type of fracture include antegrade intramedullary nailing (AIMN), retrograde pinning (RP) or transverse pinning (TP) using intramedullary K-wires, external fixation, and standard plates. Although AIMN is less invasive and is commonly used in clinical practice, evidence is conflicted regarding the superiority of its efficacy over other surgical treatment approaches.
¿Cuál era la pregunta principal de la investigación?
When treating fifth metacarpal neck fractures, is antegrade intramedullary nailing (AIMN) more efficacious than other surgical interventions?
- 4 studies (3 quasi-randomized trials and one randomized controlled trial) were included in this meta-analysis. In total, 163 patients were included (mean age 29.1 years [range 18-65]).
- There was no significant difference between groups with respect to pooled pain scores from 3 studies (n=133; MD -0.18; 95% CI -0.528 to 0.154; p=0.2; I-squared 0%).
- Quick DASH scores were reported in one study, demonstrating no significant difference between AIMN and plates.
- Although there was no significant difference between AIMN and plates in grip strength at 3-6 months (2 studies; MD -0.28; 95% CI -0.773 to 0.204; p=0.2), AIMN yielded significantly greater grip strength at 12 months compared to either plates or transverse pinning (3 studies; MD 0.84; 95% CI 0.468 to 1.206; p<0.0001; I-squared 54.5%).
- When compared to transverse pinning (TP) with K-wires, AIMN resulted in significantly greater total active motion at 12 months (2 studies; pooled effect size 0.5; 95% CI 0.087 to 0.904; p=0.01; Q: p=0.316). In the only study reporting patient satisfaction following TP and AIMN, 15/16 patients (94%) in the AIMN group were either "satisfied" or "very satisfied", which was likewise displayed by 13/17 patients (76.5%) in the TP group.
- With respect to range of motion of the metacarpophalangeal joint, one study, at a follow-up of <6 months, reported a significant difference in favour of AIMN (p=0.001). At 12 months, pooled data from three studies also found a significant difference in favour of AIMN (pooled effect size 1.45; 95% CI 0.787 to 2.106; p<0.0001; I-squared 55.9%).
- The incidence of complications was lower with AIMN compared to all other surgical interventions, with this difference being borderline-significant (OR 0.4; 95% CI 0.155 to 1.028; p=0.05; I-squared 0%).
- Pooled data on mean residual angulation at the site of fracture from 3 studies favoured AIMN, with the difference being borderline significant (pooled effect size -0.4; 95% CI -0.779 to 0.000042; p=0.05; I-squared 0%).
¿Qué es lo que más debo recordar?
Trends favouring antegrade intramedullary nailing (AIMN) were found for pain scores, the incidence of complications and mean residual angulation at the site of fracture. Additionally, AIMN yielded significantly greater grip strength at 12 months and range of motion of the metacarpophalangeal joint. When compared to transverse pinning (TP) with K-wires, AIMN yielded significantly better total active motion and greater patient satisfaction.
¿Cómo afectará esto al cuidado de mis pacientes?
Results from this study suggest antegrade intramedullary nailing (AIMN) may provide additional clinical benefits when compared to other forms of surgical intervention for patients with fifth metacarpal neck fractures. Future studies are needed to conduct head-to-head comparisons between various surgical interventions and AIMN, as opposed to grouping surgical approaches as one comparison group.
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