46 patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty were randomized to one of four groups: a highly-crosslinked polyethylene (HXLPE) liner in either a titanium or tantalum acetabular cup, or an ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) liner in either a titanium or tantalum acetabular cup. The purpose of this study was to determine whether liner material had a significant effect on femoral head penetration (liner wear), and whether acetabular cup material had a significant effect on acetabular component migration. Follow-up was performed for 5 year postoperatively. Results demonstrated significantly lower liner wear in HXLPE cohorts compared to UHMWPE cohorts, and no significant differences in acetabular cup migration between titanium and tantalum. No group was associated with significantly better or worse clinical outcome than any other group, as no statistically significant between group differences were noted for SF-36, WOMAC, UCLA, or HHS scores.