14 randomized controlled trials (2285 patients) comparing robot-assisted (R-TKA) versus conventional total knee arthroplasty (C-TKA) were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Outcomes of interest included the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC), Oxford Knee Score (OKS), hip-knee-ankle angle, tibial coronal angle (TCA), tibial sagittal angle (TSA), operative time, and intraoperative blood loss. A subgroup analysis of cruciate-retaining (CR) and posterior stabilized (PS) prosthesis was also conducted. OKS scores favored the R-TKA group. The hip-knee-ankle angle and TCA were also significantly better in the subgroup analysis of PS prosthesis in the R-TKA group. In the subgroup analysis of PS prosthesis use, TSA favored the C-TKA group. Operative time was significantly lower in the C-TKA group. All other outcomes and subgroup analyses were similar between the two groups.