57 orthopaedic residents of various experience levels were randomized to receive either no training between assessments (control group) or to receive 4 hours of either arthroscopic cadaveric or virtual reality simulation training. The purpose of this study was to compare these knee arthroscopy training methods in terms of completion time and performance improvements. The results indicated that the arthroscopic performance (ASSET Global Rating Scale) and completion time were significantly more improved in the cadaveric training group when compared to the control group. As well, the cadaveric group displayed significantly better improvements with respect to completion time when compared to the residents receiving virtual simulation training. No significant differences were noted between the simulation and control group for either performance or time to completion outcomes.