UPDATE 2.0: Emerging Treatments in Fight Against COVID-19 .

Research activity around COVID-19 treatments grew quickly through late spring in 2020, with hundreds of new trials and many more therapies added to an already crowded pipeline. Ivermectin has now edged ahead of remdesivir in sheer number of ongoing studies, reflecting shifting scientific interest more than proven benefit. Guideline updates have become clearer: major groups now advise against using hydroxychloroquine outside trials and continue to reserve remdesivir for hospitalized patients who require oxygen support. For other therapies—such as convalescent plasma, stem cells, tocilizumab, favipiravir, lopinavir/ritonavir, and ivermectin—the evidence base is still thin, and most recommendations continue to limit their use to formal research settings.