Melatonin improves bone mineral density at the femoral neck in postmenopausal women with osteopenia: a randomized controlled trial

81 post-menopausal women diagnosed with osteopenia were randomly assigned to receive either 1mg, 3mg of melatonin placebo at night for 12 months in order to determine the effects of melatonin on bone mineral density. The results of this study found higher dosages of melatonin to be significantly more effective in increasing bone mineral density at the femoral neck and the lumbar spine while also decreasing urine calcium levels and increasing trabecular thickness, when compared to placebo.