106 adult patients with non-specific lower back pain and movement control impairment were randomized to partake in either a general exercise program or movement control exercise program lasting 9-12 weeks. The purpose of the study was to compare the efficacy of the two programs in terms of their ability to reduce pain and disability over the course of 1 year. Both exercise programs were found to significantly benefit patient outcome in terms of PSFS for activity limitation and GCPS for pain and disability, with no significant differences between groups at any time point. The movement control exercise program showed significantly greater RMDQ scores immediately post-intervention compared to general exercise, but by 6-month follow-up, this difference was no longer visible. No other differences between groups were observed.