Immediate effects of region-specific and non-region-specific spinal manipulative therapy in patients with chronic low back pain: a randomized controlled trial

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148 subjects suffering from chronic non-specific low back pain were randomized to investigate if spinal manipulation should be administered at a specific spinal level or if similar effects can be achieved using a non-region specific manipulation. Subjects were assigned to either single, region-specific spinal manipulation (lumbar spine) or to single non-region-specific manipulation at upper thoracic region. Immediate assessment of pain intensity and pressure pain threshold demonstrated similar improved changes with both treatment methods.