TRAUMA
Milch versus Stimson technique for nonsedated reduction of anterior shoulder dislocation: A prospective randomized trial and analysis of factors affecting success
OrthoEvidence Journal (OE Journal) - ACE Report
OE Journal. 2013;1(6):121 J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2012 Nov;21(11):1443-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jse.2012.01.004. Epub 2012 Apr 18.60 patients with anterior shoulder dislocation requiring nonsedated reduction were randomized to undergo the Milch technique or Stimson technique. The results of the study indicate that the success rate and time to achieve reduction without sedation were superior for the patients that underwent the Milch technique when compared with the patients that underwent the Stimson technique. The Milch technique becomes a reasonable management alternative to reduction with sedation when early implementation of reduction, low pain levels at presentation, and oral pain medication are successfully combined.
Was the allocation sequence adequately generated?
Was allocation adequately concealed?
Blinding Treatment Providers: Was knowledge of the allocated interventions adequately prevented?
Blinding Outcome Assessors: Was knowledge of the allocated interventions adequately prevented?
Blinding Patients: Was knowledge of the allocated interventions adequately prevented?
Was loss to follow-up (missing outcome data) infrequent?
Are reports of the study free of suggestion of selective outcome reporting?
Were outcomes objective, patient-important and assessed in a manner to limit bias (ie. duplicate assessors, Independent assessors)?
Was the sample size sufficiently large to assure a balance of prognosis and sufficiently large number of outcome events?
Was investigator expertise/experience with both treatment and control techniques likely the same (ie.were criteria for surgeon participation/expertise provided)?
はい = 1
不確実＝0.5
無関係 = 0
いいえ = 0
報告基準評価では、著者が出版物内で試験の方法論的特徴や試験特性を報告する際の透明性を評価します。評価は以下の5つのカテゴリーに分類されます。
3/4
Randomização
3/4
Medidas de resultado
4/4
Inclusão/Exclusão
4/4
Descrição do tratamento
4/4
Estatística
Detsky AS, Naylor CD, O'Rourke K, McGeer AJ, L'Abbé KA. J Clin Epidemiol. 1992;45:255-65
Fragility Indexは、重要な所見の解釈を助けるツールで、結果の強さの尺度を提供します。Fragility Indexは、その所見が有意でなくなるために、二項対立の結果に追加する必要がある連続した事象の数を表します。数値が小さいほど弱い所見を表し、数値が大きいほど強い所見を表します。
なぜ今この研究が必要なのですか？
The shoulder can be reduced using simple techniques in the emergency department. Many reduction techniques exist, but the optimal treatment has yet to be determined. The optimal technique should be one that is quick and easy to perform, pain free, require little medication, cause no additional injury to the shoulder, and reduce the burden of treatment costs. This study aimed to determine whether there is a difference in success rate between the Milch technique and Stimson technique among patients with anterior shoulder dislocation.
主な研究課題は何ですか？
Is there a difference in success rate between the Milch technique and Stimson technique among patients with anterior shoulder dislocation?
重要な知見は？
- The first reduction attempt was successful in 29 of the 35 patients (82.8%) that underwent the Milch technique and 7 of the 25 patients (28%) that underwent the Stimson technique (p<0.001).
- The reason for failure in the first attempt for the 6 out of 35 patients (17.2%) that underwent the Milch technique was due to pain and the need for sedation. The leading cause of failure in the first attempt for the 18 out of 25 patients (72%) that underwent the Stimson technique was request to discontinue the treatment due to the inconvenience of the prone position.
- The mean reduction time for the patients that underwent the Milch technique was 4.68 minutes, whereas the mean reduction time was 8.84 minutes for the patients that underwent the Stimson technique (p<0.007).
- Pain was not significantly different between the patients that underwent the Milch technique and the patients that underwent the Stimson technique.
- The 3 factors that affect success rate were reduction technique, the time interval between dislocation and first reduction attempt, and the level of pain on admission to the emergency department with an odds ratio of 0.037 in favor of the Milch technique, 7.16 in favor of short time, and 1.81 in favor of low levels of pain.
最も覚えておくべきことは？
The data suggests that the patients that underwent the Milch technique for reduction of an anterior shoulder dislocation achieved a significantly higher first success rate and a significantly lower mean reduction time than the patients that underwent the Stimson technique.
それが私の患者ケアにどのように影響するか？
The study suggests that the Milch technique may be a reasonable technique for reduction of an anterior shoulder dislocation without sedation. Early implementation of reduction, experiencing low pain levels at presentation, and oral pain medication are positive predictors of a successful reduction. Further research using larger sample sizes is required to determine the external validity of the results presented in this study. Future studies need also to evaluate differences in both techniques with intraarticular analgesia.
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