Two hundred and eight patients undergoing surgery for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures were randomized to receive either percutaneous vertebroplasty with a facet joint block (PF; n=104) or percutaneous vertebroplasty alone (P; n=104). The primary outcomes of this trial were Visual Analogue Score (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores on postoperative day 1, and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. Secondary outcomes that were assessed were operation time, hospitalization time, complications, and number of participants who applied Cox-2 inhibitors within 3 days after surgery. Significant differences were reported in the number of patients who applied Cox-2 inhibitors with more patients reporting the use in the P group. Significantly better scores were reported at 1 day and 1-month post-operatively in VAS and ODI scores in the PF group. Additionally, ODI scores were significantly better in the PF group at 3 months.