This systematic review and meta-analysis included seven randomized controlled trials comprising 457 patients with chronic neck pain. The study assessed the effectiveness of Pain Neuroscience Education (PNE) versus other non-PNE therapies. Pooled outcomes of interest included changes in pain intensity and kinesiophobia. The meta-analysis revealed that PNE significantly reduced pain intensity and kinesiophobia. The subgroup analysis comparing the two treatment arms in adults was significantly better in the PNE group. Similarly, PNE alone or in combination with other treatments also favored PNE against control. The findings suggest that PNE is an effective intervention for managing pain and kinesiophobia in patients with chronic neck pain, particularly when the intervention duration is extended.