Accuracy, patient-reported and surgical-related outcomes in patient-specific 3D-printed versus standard high tibial osteotomy: A systematic review with meta-analysis.

Study Summary

16 studies comprising 21 trial reports and including 825 patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) and lower limb malalignment were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating three-dimensional (3D)-printed patient-specific instrumentation (PSI) versus standard high tibial osteotomy (HTO). Pooled outcomes included correction accuracy, postoperative knee alignment, pain, functional outcomes, operative time, fluoroscopy use, and complications. PSI achieved postoperative alignment close to the planned correction and was associated with improvements in pain and knee function. Compared with standard HTO, PSI significantly reduced operative time and fluoroscopy use, although alignment and complication outcomes were comparable. Overall, PSI demonstrated promising surgical advantages without clear evidence of superior postoperative alignment or safety.