12,216 patients undergoing operative treatment for extremity fractures or any pelvic or acetabular fractures were randomized to receive either low-molecular-weight heparin (30 mg enoxaparin) or 81 mg of aspirin, twice daily. The primary outcome of this trial was all-cause mortality by 90 days. Secondary outcomes of interest included cause-specific death, non-fatal pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombosis, bleeding complications, wound healing complications, and infection, 90 days following randomization. Aspirin was found to be non-inferior to low-molecular-weight heparin for thromboprophylaxis. Pulmonary embolism and bleeding complications were also similar between both groups.
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