Oral vs. Intravenous Antibiotics for Bone and Joint Infection
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Oral versus Intravenous Antibiotics for Bone and Joint Infection
N Engl J Med. 2019 Jan 31;380(5): 425-436.1054 patients being treated for bone or joint infection at 26 UK centers were randomized in this non-inferiority trial to receive 6 weeks of oral antibiotic therapy (n=527) or 6 weeks of intravenous antibiotic therapy (n=527). The primary outcome of interest was the rate of definite treatment failure. Secondary outcomes of interest included the rate of treatment discontinuation, catheter complications, diarrhea caused by C.difficile, serious adverse events, length of hospitalization, and patient-reported outcomes (Oxford Hip and Knee Scores [OHS; OKS]; EuroQual-5Dimension scores [EQ-5D]). Outcomes were assessed at 6 weeks, 4 months, and 1 year follow-up. Oral antibiotics were found to be non-inferior to intravenous antibiotics with regards to the risk of definitive treatment failure. The incidence of early discontinuation of treatment and catheter complications, and length of hospitalization were significantly higher in the intravenous group, however, no differences in the incidence of diarrhea or serious adverse events were observed between the two groups. EQ-5D scores and OHS scores were not significantly different between groups at 4 months and 1 year post-treatment, however, OKS scores were better in the oral group at both time points.
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