Sixty-nine patients with chronic low back pain were randomized to receive neuromuscular retraining and resistance training (n=34) or resistance training alone (n=35). The primary outcome of interest was the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Secondary outcomes included pain intensity, kinesiophobia, pain self-efficacy, and physical activity levels. Outcomes were assessed at baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks. Overall, the results of the study revealed that both groups experienced significant improvements in disability, pain intensity, and kinesiophobia. However, there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of disability reduction. This suggests that neuromuscular control retraining does not provide additional benefits over resistance training alone in improving disability related to chronic low back pain.