Study Summary

Sixty-two male athletes with chronic ankle instability were randomized to receive neuromuscular training plus neurofeedback training (n=21), neuromuscular training alone (n=20), or no intervention as control (n=21). The primary outcome was postural sway indices. Secondary outcomes included ankle proprioception, anxiety, depression, and fear-avoidance beliefs. Outcomes were assessed before and after 8 weeks of training. Overall, the results revealed that both intervention groups improved significantly, but the combined neuromuscular plus neurofeedback group achieved greater gains in postural control, proprioception at 20° plantar flexion, and reductions in anxiety and depression. These findings suggest that adding neurofeedback training enhances rehabilitation effectiveness for chronic ankle instability.