Thirty-eight adults with chronic nonspecific low back pain were randomized to receive either mat Pilates combined with active photobiomodulation therapy (PIL + PBMT; n=19) or mat Pilates with sham photobiomodulation therapy (PIL + SHAM; n=19). The primary outcome of interest was peak pain intensity, while secondary outcomes included postural balance, perceived disability (measured by ODI and RMDQ), and pain-related fear (measured by PCS, TSK, and FABQ). Outcomes were assessed at baseline and after 8 weeks. Overall, the study found that mat Pilates alone reduced peak pain intensity, perceived disability, and pain catastrophizing, but the addition of PBMT provided no additional benefit. Postural balance was not significantly improved by either intervention. These findings suggest mat Pilates effectively alleviates certain symptoms of CNLBP, but PBMT does not enhance these effects.