This systematic review and meta-analysis included 11 randomized controlled trials with a total of 940 patients who had undergone total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The studies compared the effects of massage therapy combined with standard rehabilitation against standard rehabilitation alone. Pooled outcomes included postoperative pain, knee ROM, D-dimer levels, and length of hospital stay. Results indicated that massage therapy significantly reduced pain at 7, 14, and 21 days postoperatively and improved knee ROM at 7 and 14 days. There was no significant effect on D-dimer levels. The length of hospital stay was reduced for patients in China but not in other regions. Overall, massage therapy improved postoperative recovery in early TKA patients, particularly in terms of pain relief and mobility.