Seventy patients with multicompartmental osteoarthritis (MOA) were randomized to receive either autologous stromal vascular fractions (SVF; n=35) or hyaluronic acid (HA; n=35). The primary outcome of interest was the improvement in pain as measured by the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Secondary outcomes included improvements in function as measured by the Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and the Samsung Medical Center Patellofemoral Scoring System (SMCPS), as well as MRI-assessed joint structural changes. Outcomes were assessed at 3, 6, and 12 months after treatment. Overall, the results of the study revealed that the SVF group experienced significantly better improvements in VAS and WOMAC scores at 6 and 12 months compared to the HA group. SVF also led to greater improvements in SMCPS scores at all time points. The findings suggest that SVF injections provide short-term pain relief and functional improvement in MOA patients.