Seven randomized controlled trials (369 patients) comparing single versus multiple intra-articular injections of autologous adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) or adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (ADSVF) for knee osteoarthritis were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The primary outcome of interest was pain relief (measured via the Visual Analogue Scale, VAS) and function (measured by Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index, WOMAC). Secondary outcomes of interest included MRI assessments of cartilage condition, and safety outcomes such as procedure-related pain or swelling and adverse events​​. Overall, the results of the study revealed that both treatments demonstrated superior pain relief and significantly improved function compared to the control groups, with notable MRI-based improvements in cartilage condition. These findings suggest that both ASCs and ADSVF are effective short-term treatments for knee osteoarthritis, which can potentially delay the need for more invasive procedures like joint replacement.