Forty patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty were randomized to receive either intensive elastic resistance training (n=20) or a conventional physiotherapy protocol (n=20). The primary outcome of interest was self-administered physical function, assessed through the WOMAC questionnaire. Secondary outcome measures included pain intensity, kinesiophobia, catastrophizing, self-efficacy, range of motion, inflammatory markers (procalcitonin and C-reactive protein), and timed up-and-go (TUG) test. Outcomes were assessed at 24, 48, and 72 hours after surgery. Overall, the results of the study revealed that the intervention group showed significant improvements in physical function, pain intensity, and psychosocial variables compared to the control group. These findings suggest that intensive elastic resistance training during hospitalization may lead to better short-term outcomes post-surgery.