38 patients over the age of 18 with chronic lower back pain who were non-traumatic and unresponsive to at least 1 month of physical therapy were included in this blinded trial. Patients were randomized to receive either prolotherapy with hypertonic glucose solution (n=19) or conservative therapy (n=19). The outcomes of interest included pain intensity, measured with a visual analog scale (VAS), and functional disability, measured with the Rolland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ), assessed at baseline and 1, 3 and 6 months. The results of the study revealed that while significant improvement was observed from baseline to 6 months in both groups in terms of VAS and RMDQ scores, a statistically significant difference for both scores was found only at the 3-month assessment in favor of the conservative therapy group.