2024 EFORT Annual Meeting: Extended Surgical Antibiotic Prophylaxis Not Superior To A Single Dose In Total Hip And Knee Revision Arthroplasty: A Multicenter Open-Lavel Randomized Controlled Trial

Seven hundred twenty-one patients undergoing aseptic hip or knee revision arthroplasty were randomized to receive either a single dose of cefazolin (n=364) or an extended 5-day regimen of cefazolin (n=357). The primary outcome of interest was the incidence of prosthetic joint infection (PJI) within 12 weeks post-surgery. Secondary outcomes included rates of other infections, adverse reactions, hospital readmissions, and antibiotic resistance. Outcomes were assessed at 12 weeks. Overall, the study revealed no significant difference in the incidence of PJI between the extended prophylaxis group and the single-dose group. The main finding suggests that extended antibiotic prophylaxis does not significantly reduce PJI incidence compared to a single dose.