Epinephrine Diluted Saline-Irrigation Fluid in Arthroscopic Shoulder Surgery: A Significant Improvement of Clarity of Visual Field and Shortening of Total Operation Time. A Randomized Controlled Trial

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101 patients undergoing arthroscopic shoulder procedures were randomized to either epinephrine diluted saline irrigation fluid or regular saline irrigation fluid to determine whether the addition of epinephrine increased the visual acuity of the surgical procedure. Findings indicated that the use of epinephrine to dilute irrigation fluid was effective, significantly improving visual clarity, reducing the total operating time, and the total amount of irrigation fluid used when compared to irrigation fluid without epinephrine. The mean heart rate, mean blood pressure, and the amount of irrigation fluid used per hour were similar between groups.