A total of 306 patients undergoing total hip replacement for primary osteoarthritis were randomized to receive either an elastic compression dressing (n=153) or no compression dressing (n=153). The primary outcome was postoperative leg swelling, measured using a 3D infrared scanner. Secondary outcomes included estimated blood loss on postoperative days 1, 3, and 5, C-reactive protein levels, and transfusion rates. Outcomes were assessed on days 1, 3, and 5 postoperatively. Overall, the study revealed that leg swelling was significantly reduced in the compression dressing group compared to the control group. However, no significant effect on blood loss or transfusion rates was observed. These findings suggest that while compression dressings can modestly reduce swelling, they do not significantly impact blood loss or transfusion needs in total hip replacement patients.