Resumo do estudo

434 patients with early-stage frozen shoulder were enrolled in this study. After exclusions for loss to follow-up, 391 patients were included in the final analysis. Patients were randomized to receive either intra-articular corticosteroid injections alone (Group A) or combined intra-articular corticosteroid injections with calcitonin nasal spray (Group B). The primary outcome of interest was shoulder pain, function, and disability measured using the Oxford Shoulder Score (OSS). Outcomes were assessed at baseline and at 12 weeks post-intervention by blinded assessors. Overall, the results of the study revealed that both treatment groups demonstrated significant improvement in OSS scores compared with baseline; however, patients receiving combination therapy experienced significantly greater improvements in pain relief and shoulder function than those receiving corticosteroids alone.