Study Summary

Sixteen randomized controlled trials including 1738 patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF) were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis comparing kyphoplasty (KP) vs. vertebroplasty (VP). Pooled outcomes of interest included pain scores, spinal function, vertebral compression rate, Cobb angle, and incidence of cement leakage. The pooled analysis demonstrated no significant differences between KP and VP for pain reduction or spinal function. However, KP was associated with significantly better vertebral compression restoration, improved Cobb angle correction, and lower rates of cement leakage compared with VP. Overall, these findings suggest that KP may provide superior radiographic and safety outcomes, although both procedures appear similarly effective for pain and functional recovery.