Change in bone mineral density after cemented and uncemented knee arthroplasty with an asymmetrical tibial component: secondary analysis of a randomized study using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.

Study Summary

63 undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) for osteoarthritis were included in this secondary analysis of a randomized trial and received either uncemented trabecular metal components or fully cemented components. The primary outcome was the change in periprosthetic bone mineral density (BMD) across predefined femoral and tibial regions of interest (ROIs) at 2 years. BMD was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at 1 week and 3, 6, 12, and 24 months postoperatively. Overall, the results of the study revealed that femoral BMD decreased with both fixation methods, but loss in the anterior femoral ROI was substantially greater with uncemented fixation. Tibial BMD changes were comparatively small, with no significant differences between fixation methods. These findings suggested that cemented femoral fixation may better preserve anterior distal femoral bone stock over 2 years.