Additives to bupivacaine for regional anesthesia prolongs analgesic effect in foot/ankle surgery .
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Comparison of Single-Agent Versus 3-Additive Regional Anesthesia for Foot and Ankle Surgery
Foot Ankle Int. 2019 Oct;40(10):1195-1202.70 patients were included in this study comparing single-agent nerve blockade and nerve blockade with 3-additives for the relief of pain following foot and/or ankle surgery. The outcomes of interest included the time to onset of pain, the duration of pain relief, pain scores, the incidence of narcotic prescription refills, patient satisfaction and adverse events. Follow up was performed at 1 week and 3 months post-operation. Results revealed significantly greater time to onset of pain, duration of pain relief and number of patients with persistent numbness in the triple-additive group compared to the single-agent group. No other significant differences were observed.
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