Sixty-five patients with staphylococcal peri-prosthetic joint infections of the hip or knee were randomized to receive debridement and wound excision plus 6 weeks of antimicrobial therapy (intravenous cloxacillin or vancomycin), with or without the addition of oral rifampin. The outcome of interest was treatment success at 2 years follow up, defined as a lack of clinical signs of peri-prosthetic joint infection, C-reactive protein levels < 10mg/mL, erythrocyte sedimentation rate as prior to index operation, and no radiological signs of loosening. No significant difference in treatment success rate was observed between the rifampin and control groups at 2 years post-treatment. Moreover in the sub-group analysis by bacteria type (Staphylococcus aureus; Coagulase-negative staphylococci), no significant differences in treatment success rate were observed between the two groups.