Riassunto dello studio

154 patients with rotator cuff–related shoulder pain were randomized to receive either printed exercise materials alone or printed materials plus access to multimedia animations. Both groups received seven supervised face-to-face sessions with standardized progression criteria. 56 patients in the control group and 63 patients in the experimental group were analyzed. The primary outcome was the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) at 6 weeks. Secondary outcomes included pain intensity at rest, during movement, and at night (NPRS), patients’ expectations and satisfaction assessed up to 24 weeks. Overall, both groups improved significantly over time in SPADI and pain outcomes, but there were no significant between-group differences at any follow-up time points, indicating that multimedia animations did not provide additional clinical benefit beyond the paper-based program.