AAOS2019: Statistical significance in RCTs may hinge on the outcome of a small number of patients .
The Fragility of Statistically Significant Findings from Randomized Controlled Trials in a Premier Orthopaedic Journal
A review of a major orthopaedic journal (the Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery) was performed to identify randomized controlled trials published within the past 10 years which had reported a statistically significant finding for either a primary or secondary dichotomous outcome variable. The results from the identified articles were then subjected to a Fragility Index calculation. A total of 28 studies were identified for final inclusion, and the median calculated Fragility Index was 2 across studies.
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