Closed suction drains do not increase blood loss in simultaneous bilateral TKA

Knee Surg Relat Res. 2016 Sep;28(3):201-6. doi: 10.5792/ksrr.2016.28.3.201. Epub 2016 Aug 25.

Benefits seen with no drains used in total hip arthroplasty

Acta Orthop Belg. 2010 Oct;76(5):619-27

Larger vs. smaller diameter suction drains to prevent postop spinal epidural hematoma

Clin Orthop Surg. 2016 Mar;8(1):78-83

No benefit to patient outcome observed with the use of suction drain in TKA

Int Orthop. 2015 Apr;39(4):653-8

Closed Suction Drainage for Hip and Knee Arthoplasty

J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2004;86:1146-1152.

AAOS2019: No effect of closed suction IA drain on quad strength and knee joint effusion after TKA

Continuous low pressure suction does not reduce blood loss following TKA

J Adv Nurs. 2012 Apr;68(4):758-66. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2011.05760.x. Epub 2011 Nov 14

Comparable clinical outcomes with or without the use of drain for TKR surgery

J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2010 Jan;92(1):51-5.

No benefit associated with the use of closed-suction drainage in revision THA

Int Orthop. 2016 Mar;40(3):453-7

Efficacy and safety of autotransfusion versus both suction drainage and no drainage in TKA

BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2016 Aug 1;17:142

Autologous blood transfusion drainage vs. no drainage or closed-suction drainage in THA

Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2014 Nov;134(11):1623-31

Autotransfusion drain reduces blood transfusion compared to closed suction drain in THA

Sci Rep. 2016 Jul 1;6:27461

No surgical or clinical efficacy of a deep IA suction drain for revision TKA procedures

J Arthroplasty. 2016 Jul;31(7):1544-8

Larger drop in Hb noted with closed suction drainage versus no drainage in total knee arthroplasty

J Knee Surg. 2018 Sep;31(8):804-810. doi: 10.1055/s-0037-1615297

Autologous blood transfusion drainage versus closed suction drainage following TKA

BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2016 Nov 2;17(1):452

No difference in transfusion rate between direct anterior THA with and without drain

J Arthroplasty. 2016 Sep;31(9):1954-8

Allogenic blood transfusion rate in HA for trauma using suction and autologous re-transfusion drains

Int Orthop. 2016 Dec;40(12):2575-2579

Drained vs. undrained wounds: No significant difference in outcomes following hip surgery

Int Orthop. 2008 Dec;32(6):723-7. Epub 2007 Aug 9

Autologous wound drains have no effect on transfusion rates following THA/TKA

Bone Joint J. 2014 Jun;96-B(6):765-71

AAOS 2015: TXA compared to standard and reinfusion drains in knee and hip arthroplasty