COA: Topical anesthetic does not reduce intraosseous pin removal pain in children

The role of acetaminophen and ibuprofen for pain relief in children undergoing pin removal

J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2014 Apr 2;96(7):597-602. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.M.00806.

Plate fixation superior to pin fixation for intra-articular distal radius fracture

J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2008 Jan;90(1):16-22

Both lateral and medial/lateral entry pin fixation effective in supracondylar fractures

J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2007 Apr;89(4):706-12

Lateral pin fixation for displaced supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children

Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2013 Sep;471(9):2942-53

ORIF of distal radial fractures leads to better immediate postoperative function

J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2009 Aug;91(8):1837-46.

Antimicrobial dressing reduces pin tract infection in external fixation

Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2012 Feb;470(2):610-5. Epub 2011 Aug 13

Percutaneous cannulated screws vs. MIS plate fixation for displaced IA calcaneal fractures

BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2016 Jul 15;17(1):288

Routine pin tract care is unnecessary in external fixation treatment

Injury. 2012 Nov;43(11):1969-73. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2012.08.010. Epub 2012 Aug 16

Distal third tibial fractures: Internal/external fixation vs percutaneous osteosynthesis

Int Orthop. 2014 Nov;38(11):2349-55

AAHS 2014: Trigger finger: Percutaneous release vs open surgery or steroid injection

Percutaneous release, open surgery, or corticosteroid injection for trigger digit

Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2013 Jun;471(6):1879-86. doi: 10.1007/s11999-012-2716-6. Epub 2012 Dec 4.

No reduction in wrist pin-site complications with Biopatch intervention or pin-cleansing

J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2006 Feb;88(2):349-54

A comparison of operative treatments for displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures

Foot Ankle Int. 2011 Oct;32(10):979-85

Percutaneous versus open repair of acute Achilles tendon rupture

Foot Ankle Int. 2018 Jun;39(6):689-693

COA/AOA: Pin and plate fixation equally effective for intervention of clavicle fractures

Improved fixation with hydroxyapatite-coated fixation pins in wrist fractures

J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2001 May;83-A(5):717-21

Low quality evidence available on effectiveness of percutaneous pinning in distal radius fractures

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews. 2020 ;():. 10.1002/14651858.CD006080.pub3.

AAHS 2015: Percutaneous pinning vs. plate fixation in metacarpal fractures

OTA2017: Three fixation methods yield similar 1-year results for displaced distal radius fractures