Clamping drainage reduces blood loss and transfusions after TKA

Int Orthop. 2009 Oct;33(5):1275-8. Epub 2008 Oct 17.

Four-hour postoperative drain clamping does not reduce blood loss following TKA

Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2013 Dec;21(12):2831-6. doi: 10.1007/s00167-012-2253-6. Epub 2012 Oct 23

Low- and high-dose TXA effective in reducing blood loss and transfusion needs in TKA

BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2013 Dec 5;14:340. doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-14-340

EFORT: Intra-articular TXA reduces total blood loss in patients undergoing TKA

Efficacy of combined IV/IA TXA administration in simultaneous bilateral TKA

Knee. 2015 Mar;22(2):131-5

Closed suction drains do not increase blood loss in simultaneous bilateral TKA

Knee Surg Relat Res. 2016 Sep;28(3):201-6. doi: 10.5792/ksrr.2016.28.3.201. Epub 2016 Aug 25.

ISAKOS2017: IA TXA reduces postoperative bleeding in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

AAOS 2016: Intraarticular & intravenous tranexamic acid similar for blood loss in THA

TKA: best outcome with tourniquet inflation before incision & deflation when cement harden

Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2013 Dec;21(12):2790-9. doi: 10.1007/s00167-012-2221-1. Epub 2012 Sep 28

TKA: Interval clamping drain provides greater bleeding control than non-clamping methods

Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2012 Jul;132(7):1059-63. doi: 10.1007/s00402-012-1501-z. Epub 2012 Mar 13

Topical TXA reduces transfusion and blood loss in THA compared to placebo

J Arthroplasty. 2014 Dec;29(12):2452-6

Operative time shortened with the use of cruciate-retaining implant in TKA

J Clin Med Res. 2015 Mar;7(3):171-5.

Equivalent blood conservation with intra-articular and intravenous TXA in TKA

J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2014 Dec 3;96(23):1937-44

Thrombin-based hemostatic agent associated with reduced drain output & transfusion in TKA

Knee Surg Relat Res. 2014 Dec;26(4):236-40

IV and/or IA TXA effective in navigated TKA, but combined IV-IA TXA not more effective

J Arthroplasty. 2017 Jan;32(1):37-42

Decreased hemarthrosis and pain with TXA + drain vs drain alone post ACLR

Am J Sports Med. 2015 Nov;43(11):2720-6.

Combined Topical & IV TXA superior to topical TXA alone for reducing blood loss in TKA

J Arthroplasty. 2015 May;30(5):776-80

Postoperative leg position influences blood loss & early functional recovery after TKA

Int J Surg. 2015 Nov;23(Pt A):82-6.

No significant effect of topical FS or TXA on blood loss in cases of sub-capital femoral fracture

Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2019 May;139(5):597-604. doi: 10.1007/s00402-018-3089-4

TKA: Drain-clamping with tranexamic acid decreased drained blood volume/ transfusions

BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2012 Jul 20;13:124. doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-13-124