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Outdoor Green Cycling Improves Glycemic Control &Mood in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis and T2DM
November 2025
Outdoor Green Cycling Improves Glycemic Control &Mood in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis and T2DM
Study Type:Therapy
OE Level Evidence:1
Journal Level of Evidence:1
Psychosocial and physiological health outcomes of outdoor green exercise versus indoor exercise in knee osteoarthritis patients coexisting with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled trial.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) . 2025 May 14:16:1560536.Synopsis
Eighty-two patients with coexisting knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were randomized to outdoor green cycling (n=41) or indoor stationary cycling (n=41). The primary outcome of interest was HbA1c. Secondary outcomes of interest included KOOS subscales, perceived stress (PSS), mood (POMS and subscales), self-esteem (RSE), BMI, enjoyment, and intention to continue exerci...
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