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Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Primed Aquatic Training for Knee Osteoarthritis

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Ace Report Cover
November 2025

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Primed Aquatic Training for Knee Osteoarthritis

Vol: 307| Issue: 11| Number:5| ISSN#: 2564-2537
Study Type:Therapy
OE Level Evidence:1
Journal Level of Evidence:1

The impacts of transcranial direct current stimulation combined with aquatic neuromuscular training on pain, function, kinesiophobia, knee instability, and quality of life in knee osteoarthritis: a double-blind randomized trial.

J Neuroeng Rehabil . 2025 Jul 5;22(1):151.

Contributing Authors:
AT Kaboodi F Gandomi P Soufivand S Assar

Synopsis

Forty-four women with knee osteoarthritis were randomized to receive anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) (2 mA, M1, 20 min) followed by aquatic neuromuscular training (ANMT) (n=22) or sham tDCS plus the same ANMT (n=22); at six weeks, analyses included twenty per group. The primary outcome was pain (0–10 NRS) assessed weekly and at six weeks. Secondary outcomes were physical func...

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