TKA: Topical Fibrin Spray and Tranexamic acid reduce blood loss

J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2007 Mar;89(3):306-9

TKR: Topical application of tranexamic acid reduces postoperative blood loss

J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2010 Nov 3;92(15):2503-13.

AAOS 2015: No difference between topical and intravenous tranexamic acid for TKA

IV & topical TXA similarly safe & effective for reducing blood loss and transfusion in TKA

J Orthop. 2016 Mar 26;13(3):127-31

AAOS2017: Blood loss and transfusion rate similar with intravenous and topical TXA in THA

COA2017: IA TXA and IV TXA demonstrate similar results for blood loss in total hip arthroplasty

Equivalent blood conservation with intra-articular and intravenous TXA in TKA

J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2014 Dec 3;96(23):1937-44

AAOS 2016: Intravenous and topical TXA yield similar efficacy and safety in THA

Efficacy of various tranexamic acid administration techniques to reduce blood loss in TKA

Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2014 Dec;22(12):3181-90.

AAOS: Tranexamic acid equally effective when administered topically & intravenously in TKA

Combined IV-topical TXA more effective than IV TXA alone in total hip and knee arthroplasty

Int J Surg. 2016 Dec;36(Pt A):324-329

Tranexamic acid effectively reduces blood loss after TKA without adverse events

Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2014 Aug;22(8):1849-58

Topical TXA reduces blood loss compared to IV TXA in bilateral total knee arthroplasty

J Arthroplasty. 2016 Jul;31(7):1442-8

Combined IV-topical TXA versus IV TXA alone in patients undergoing revision THA

J Arthroplasty. 2016 Nov;31(11):2548-2553

3 doses of tranexamic acid more effective regimen in TKA

Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2012 Sep;470(9):2605-12. doi: 10.1007/s11999-012-2310-y. Epub 2012 Mar 15.

Combination of intravenous and topical TXA improves outcomes following primary TKA

J Arthroplasty. 2014 Dec;29(12):2342-6.

Tranexamic Acid reduces blood loss and required transfusions in TKA patients

Knee. 2013 Oct;20(5):300-9

AAOS: Topical tranexamic acid effacacious method for blood loss management in TKA

Topical and intravenous tranexamic acid equally effective in total knee arthroplasty

Knee. 2014 Dec;21(6):987-993

Combined IV & topical TXA reduces blood loss and transfusion rate in THA

J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2016 Jun 15;98(12):983-91